Monday, February 28, 2011

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Ben Jonson

Everything that enlarges the sphere of human powers, which shows the man who can do what he thinks he can not do, is valuable.

Friday, February 25, 2011

Does Justin Bieber Go To Church

PORTUGAL: Portuguese distribution Unilateral withdrawal from the contract (agency and dealership) and calculating indemnity customers - 1

Questostudio si propone di chiarire il regime applicabile in Portogallo in caso direcessione in un contratto di distribuzione sia esso di agenzia o diconcessione vendita. Chiarendo le regole applicabili e i possibili punti dirischio, soprattutto alla luce del fatto che in Portogallo si applica, peranalogia, la legge sul contratto di agenzia al contratto di concessione vendita.

1 - PRESUPPOSTI
Per una analisi è anzitutto ènecessario qualificare il tipo di contratto di distribuzione in essere.
Normalmente il contratto assumedue varianti principali, quella dell’agenzia vera e propria, identificataanche come procacciatore di affari, nella quale l’agente è un indipendenteautonomo che procaccia vendite al suo preponente le quali sono realizzatedirettamente tra Preponente e acquirente procacciato dal cliente, questo èil vero Agente.
 Tuttavia, in Portogallo é abbstanza comune che la distruzione siaeffettuata through the intermediary "exclusive" distributor, ilquale buy back the principal to sell aiclienti Portuguese final procured in the latter casonon agency but it is of trade concessions.
In Portugal, the commercial contract is a contract diconcessione atypical under esisterenessuna no specific legislation that regulates it.
suaregolamentazione In this sense, the reference is made to the general rules in the Code of Civil contrattipreviste Portuguese and ricorsoall'interpretazione analog of the agency contract, which is the contrattopiù similar to that of trade concessions. This extension
analog of the agency contract to the contract didistribuzione is recognized both in law and in doctrine, a change with respect to the uses tuttaviarappresenta Italian jurisprudence.
concezionecommerciale The contract differs from a contract of agency that ilconcessionario distributor, not only to promote Lavendar seek business (as agent) in the territory of competenzama buys himself i prodotti assumendo il rischio dellacommercializzazione e guadagnando il rispettivo margine dicommercializzazione.
Esistendo tra le parti varicontratti a seconda dei vari prodotti, è possibile difendere che si trattadi contratti autonomi e separati, purché la diversità dei prodotti esopratutto dei clienti finali lo giustifichi.
Come già anticipato dottrina egiurisprudenza portoghesi sono unanimi nell’estendere per analogia al contratto di concessione commerciale le regole del contratto diagenzia, per questa ragione la disciplina giuridica è pressoché univocaper le due figure (Agenzia e Concessione Commerciale)
Conseguentemente volendorecedere da un contratto di concessione commerciale, dobbiamo soccorrercidelle regole di recessione previste per il contratto di agenzia, le qualiprevedono due situazioni distinte:
A – Recessione congiusta causa : ovvero inadempimento deldistributore sufficientemente grave da rendere impossibile lacontinuazione del rapporto contrattuale (contraffazione, vendita prodotticoncorrenti, reiterato non-payment, other cases contrattualmenteprevisti, etc ...) in this case the Applicant should not pay indennizzial distributor, having indeed entitled to any compensation for Idanna suffered as a result of the failure that was caused to the right dellarecessione Case ..
B - Recession senzagiusta because : in this case, you can cancel the contract, but not be held responsible for any damage to distrubutore (lucrocessante and consequential damage) is avvisocontrattualmente necessary to respect the pre-planned, or in his absence, the pre-warning legalmentestabilito (to whom refer below). In addition to what has always dovutodal Principal Distributor, the payment of compensation for laprocacciagioone score by the distributor or to lacreazione a customer base that remains as a capital gain in patrimoniodel Principal Finel after the contractual relationship, If you experience any of the following specified presupposticumulativi .
Article. 33 and 34 of leggesull'agenzia applicable to an analog extension diconcessione commercial contracts, provides that upon termination diagenzia report, and except where the termination is due acolpa agent distributor, or for just cause invoked for dalconcedente
delconcessionario serious failure is due to the agent / distributor a indemnity FOR GUESTS brokers, stating that discretion must be calculated taleindennizzo mind can not tuttaviaeccedere the maximum of one year of return calculated on basedella average of the last five years.
Why this siadovuto compensation is necessary, in terms of Article. 33 Law Agency, checumulativamente any of the following conditions;
A) That during the period delcontratto the distributor agent / dealer has procured new Customers ument substantially sales volume.
B) The proposer   benefici considerevolmente dell’aumento   della clientela apportata daldistributore.
C)   Il distributore non sia beneficiario,per negoziazione, di retribuzioni (ad esempio percentuali) per le venditefatte ai clienti da lui procacciati.
É quindi presupposto necessario al fine dell'esigibilità dell'indenizzo dellaclientela, che il preponente abbia un vantaggio effetivo, ovvero che ottengadall'agente/distributore un portafoglio clienti e che lo sfrutti (almenopotenzialmente sfruttabile) che tale portafoglio clienti sia composto daclienti procacciati dall'agente/distributore (e non quindi clientipreesistenti, giá anteriormente acquisiti dal preponente attraverso anterioriagenti) o anche se non ci sono nuovi clineti, che l'agente/distrubutore, abbiaaumentato considerevolmente il volume vendite con i clienti che preesistevano. Per ultimo non siano state negoziate tra le parti altreforme di conpensazione per questa plusvalenza.
Relativamente a questo aspetto é da riferire come il vantaggio dei nuoviclienti sia solo potenziale, infatti, sopratutto nel caso di distributori inconcessione di vendita, é molto possibile e usuale la sottrazione di clienti.oltre a ció non sempre il Preponente in un contratto di distribuzioneattraverso distributore concessionario é in possesso di una lista aggiornatadei clienti finali dei suoi prodotti.




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If you are looking for a motivational video that allows recharge energy, then this is the motivational video for you!





From film Braveheart was extracted from this short pre-battle speech in which Mel Gibson motivates the army not to withdraw but to take the field and fight. All
sooner or later we'll go, but what will count in the end it's not like he died but how he lived!

Wednesday, February 23, 2011

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FRANCE: Please inform yourself before you sell

1 / to update the situation of French customers through a collection of information
should define the current situation of open and future claims.
We proceed to a careful and diligent control of both the old customers that new customers.

regard to claims of unpaid debts :

Borrowers must be subject to systematic verification of its financial position via the websites listed below .

regard to claims that have not expired:

If you are unable to carry out a systematic monitoring for all customers, we recommend to determine an exposure (eg> to 2,000 €, € 10,000, € 20,000 ...) threshold of responsiveness to control care.

Please note that some of these sites allow to put in automatic monitoring and free French debtors.




IMPORTANT : should be considered with particular attention to an unusual increase in orders that could be caused by a crisis situation. The increase in the stock allows the debtor was forced to deposit the books, to form a very useful war chest to get rid of a personal guarantee and / or face bankruptcy proceedings ("redressement judiciaire" / receivership or "sauvegarde" / Safeguard) open against

2 / inspect the customer: how to use databases
There are two websites database consultation virtually free:
The information to be considered are the following:
  • Check the date of incorporation

with companies that consist of less than 3 years, surveillance is advocated acute.
  • Capital:

is possible in France set up a limited company (a company representing the majority of French companies) with a capital of less than 1 €.

is clear that these Srl with registered capital so low or disproportionate to the turnover and activity place should not get any credit and then not even no credit.
  • check a possible loss of principal

The loss of social capital (net worth is less than half the share capital) shall be established by the shareholders and the report published by the Commercial Court of the debtor.
The term however is much different than the Italian one: in fact, French law provides that the Assembly should decide on the continuation or liquidation of the Company not later than 4 months following the meeting Approval of the accounts of the loss (6 months).
In case of continuation, the share capital must be reconstituted by the end of the second fiscal year following that assembly of a loss.
still inform you that no punishment is provided if the capital is reconstituted, however, any person who has an interest may apply for payment.
This information is published on the records of the company and then appear on the websites.
  • Check the publication of annual accounts

The publication of accounts is mandatory for the Company. The lack of publication is sanctioned by a criminal fine of € 1,500 (€ 3,000 and in case of relapse.
It will also provide the opportunity for anyone interested in forcing the company to publish their accounts with a fast-track referee.
Very often the non-publication of the annual accounts hides its critical financial situation.
  • Check for registration of secured creditors


Il fisco e le Casse di previdenza sociale per i loro crediti insoluti devono richiedere l’iscrizione del loro privilegio in cancelleria del tribunale competente. Tali iscrizioni sono spesso considerate come la prova di uno stato d’insolvibilità tale da provocare una procedura fallimentare.
Queste informazioni si raccolgano sul sito INFOGREFFE mediante un pagamento simbolico.

Procedure reattive da mettere in moto

1.    Confrontati ad una situazione critica del debitore, il creditore dovrà request that he be provided with an explanation. The creditor could possibly take legal action for the condemnation of his debtor to the publication of annual accounts, with an accelerated procedure for referee
2. Depending on the law applicable to contractual relationship, the creditor has the ability to:
or suspend deliveries, supply or production in progress
or stop orders being
Ø rescind the sale in order to regain ownership of his goods

IMPORTANT :

The applicable law establishes the practical arrangements for the suspension or interruption of relations.

IMPORTANT :

French law forbids even a partial disruption of established relationships (with or without contract) without reasonable notice ... This statutory provision, the public policy, it could almost always apply, so you should take the advice of a French lawyer.

3. Should send a formal notice LRAR advance by fax (only one not to discredit the decision to proceed) to order the payment within 8 days for example.
4. Over the period allowed for 8 days and without payment by the customer, we must not waste time and refer to a French legal practice.
5. Please note that the legal procedures in France are short, the sentence is issued in the second procedure take (referee, or A regular procedure) for a few weeks to about four months.
6. Of the precautionary measures permit the seizure of bank accounts of the debtor, the pledging of claims from third parties (sub-customers)
7. Practices Credit recovery is particularly easy for creditors to protect themselves via the application of their General Conditions of Sales and customized to the nature of the clientele. We reiterate, however, that for implementation, the general conditions must be appropriate and consistent with the law applicabile definito
8.    Piano di rientro e azione revocatoria: l’azione revocatoria prevista dalla legge fallimentare francese può essere attuata dal curatore fallimentare; è pertanto consigliabile di consultare un legale francese prima di prevedere un piano di rientro.

IMPORTANTE  :

La normativa sulla vendita internazionale autorizza il creditore a rifiutare un pagamento dilazionato al suo debitore e proibisce al giudice francese di concedere al debitore tale possibilità senza l’accordo del creditor.
A payment plan can always be agreed provided that the plan is well done and approved by the court. This sentence type is enforceable in the event of an outstanding rate.









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Silvia, but to really




Silvia did not want to cross the courtyard, but sometimes there was just to avoid it.

When she had to try to walk as fast as possible, because it seemed to run too rude. Every now and then tilted back her head and looked upon himself, the little that was enough to confirm that the strange young man was staring out the window of the palace in secret. His name was James, and the country was rumored that he was slightly lame, but in reality they had not seen hardly ever leave the house. He was always bent to study and was said to be incredibly erudite for his age. Silvia did not understand what this meant, and felt for him a punishment, although he always felt rather relieved when finished out of the reach of his gaze. Sometimes it seemed he shook his quill as a kind of magic wand, to capture and bring in his world of books and heavy glasses.

Luckily he thought Vince was to reassure her, clasping her in his strong arms and carpentry. He always whispered not to worry, when they were together that no one could ever hurt. She kissed him gently calm and sleep, certain that Giacomo Leopardi could never erase the strength of their love.



Tuesday, February 22, 2011

I Have Dots On My Pregnancy Test?

Controvento Patagonia - The book by February 2011

Max Mauro - Patagonia Controvento


As to adventure, there is no doubt that the most memorable I have experienced before the ten years. I believe that all those grown in the country, at least until twenty years ago, before the invasion of television, can say the same. The adventures of my beloved child had half and almost exclusive: the bicycle.
Max Mauro
I love getting lost in a bookstore. Within, I choose a book and I start to contemplate sitting.
I look at the cover, the colors and then sniff. The new books have a peculiar smell, reminds me of elementary school. Take a moment to read and if I see a line at this time born, step purchase.
I like paper books, they can holding in his hands, to underline, take notes. That's why even within the library, e-books are far from my beliefs.

this month I chose a book that happened almost by chance in my hands a book published in 2006 by Edicilo Editore srl, a book that describes a journey that hopefully soon will be able to do.

For the month of February I chose Patagonia upwind of Max Mauro

The author
Max Mauro was born in Switzerland in 1967.
writer and journalist, is interested in migration, border culture, youth cultures, travel (in cycling).
His latest book is The bike over Berlin published by Ediciclo and dated 2009. Today
Max Mauro is back playing with a newspaper called self
"My home is where I am happy."

The motto of this newspaper is:
"Chronicles sincere by a yard of passage"
Since, as a sign the author: "The sincerity seems to be a value not appreciated these days. Long live the sincerity"

The Plot
Patagonia upwind tells of a lonely journey in one of the favorite places for writers and dreamers in search of stories of still life and landscapes virgins.
1800 km in cycling to understand that life is perhaps better to do like the birds of the storm "to let them drift back and take advantage of the winds rather than insist on pedaling against the wind.

Why you should read
The thing that struck me is the feeling of affinity with the protagonist.
Max Mauro in this adventure does not seem to be an experienced cyclist, but rather a curious traveler. His present in a humane manner before the eyes of the reader, showing the limitations, fears and doubts that torment a man who is preparing to make the company, we understand that every goal, however great it may seem, is within the reach of every man.
should not be an ironman to do business but have a strong motivation that drives us to ride towards our goal.

's book impressed me a lot of steps and you'll leave a little taste:
  • I like to visit cemeteries, are places that speak. I look like small holes where people leave a trace of what he thinks, even if they are only a few lines in memory of a deceased person.

  • At the end of the month and 1800 km cycling paths will have a dozen "contacts canines" but no bite. After this experience, the conclusion is as follows: The dog is man's best friend, but not tutti i cani possono essere dei buoni amici. Detta con una massima da osteria: ci sono uomini e uomini e ci sono cani e cani.

  • Le parole dell'emigrazione si somigliano ovunque. Strappi, perdite, allontanamenti, rientri, successi, fallimenti. Spaesamenti. Non conoscere il posto dove si arriva, non riconoscere il posto da cui si é partiti. Si gioca fra questi due lembi di un tessuto che si vorrebbe elastico - ma non lo é -la vita dell'emigrante.
Il testo é ricco di descrizioni, lughi, incontri ed imprevisti, una buona finestra per chi volesse provare questo tipo di avventura o anche semplicemente sognare insieme al protagonista.
Nelle ultime pagine di Patagonia controvento. Viaggio Pedal along the Camino Austral and Tierra del Fuego will find many web addresses using the shell to plan your trip and where you can find many interesting news


Other articles:
  1. Patagonia Cycling
  2. Max Mauro his website
  3. North Cape cycling
Greetings
Riccardo Agostini EmozioneAvventura

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Monday, February 21, 2011

What Happens To Your Stomach When It Rumbles

France: the agreement lavovo


An employment contract
for as an employer and as an employee?

As an employer?

The employer may be an individual (sole proprietorship or an individual) or firm (fingers trade association.
The person who enters into a contract of employment shall have the power to bind the company, but to the Supreme Court stated that such power may be implied


as an employee?
Employees under 18 years must be approved by their parents.

Employees under 16 years can be hired for a job or rental after permission from the prefecture for some activities (performances and mannequin)
employees less than 18 years and more than 16 years may be employed but the particular conditions in the field of security and working hours or


  • The contract must be written?
Single Article permanent contract on a full time can not esserescritto: verbal contract is qualified or implied.
However, the employer is obliged to remit to his employees that must undocumento written document summarizing the information trascrittenel preliminary statement of the assumption by inviareall'URSSAF (social security fund)
Tuttigli other contracts must be written, for example: Adur particular contract, part-time apprentice, as well as other contracts tuttigli with accompanying state funding.

Comeredigere an employment contract?

Ilcontratto must be written in French and employee stranieropuò require a translation in your language. Inlingua foreign words are possible if there is no translation infrancese the condition however that the concept is explained.
Datoredi and employee are free to negotiate the terms, but some contracts are rispettare alcuni menzioni precisepreviste dal Codice del lavoro.
Ilperiodo di prova non si presume di conseguenza, se le parti l'hannoconvenuto, dovrà essere esplicitata per iscritto nel contratto dilavoro. Tale periodo di prova non può superare i massimi previstadalla legge oppure dall'accordo collettivo applicabile


Perchéredigere un contratto di lavoro ?
Dipendentee datore di lavoro devono rispettare le clausole previste nelcontratto.
Pertantoil datore di lavoro deve : dare un lavoro al suo dipendentenell'orario previsto e con i mezzi previsti nella legge e l'accordocollettivo applicabile.
Ildipendente deve rispettare l'orario di lavoro, realizzare il lavoroprevisto e seguendo le istruzioni del suo datore di lavoro






Tel +33478602703
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Cell +33685707202





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Sunday, February 20, 2011

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FRANCE: Ensuring their claims against the private domain





Ensure your credit is always a concern that the seller is forced to accept from a buyer's payment period or in installments. The retention of title clause permits at no cost and great effort to recover property or to collect unpaid sales and the selling price in the event of failure of the buyer



reserve the ownership of your goods to the French law is certainly possible.


This option provided by Act of May 12, 1980 was taken in a way expressed by the Law of 25 January 1985 on insolvency proceedings, is to let the seller and the owner of the goods sold until full payment of price by the buyer.


This right, however, eased as the retention of title is not automatic and obedient to the specific implementation conditions. The clause may be made at a framework agreement, but also be provided in the contract documents of the seller (copy commission, order confirmation, invoices)


This clause must be legible, bold, unequivocally in French language and refer to the French law.


Acceptance of the buyer may be some specific framework agreement (distribution, collaboration ...) stamped and signed by the parties or tacit, if this clause is provided for the Committee on the copy of the confirmation of order, and invoices (if the invoice is issued before delivery)) if the parties are in the business relationship for some time.


Consequently, the retention of title is enforceable against all parties, especially in case of bankruptcy of the debtor.


How to take advantage of Reserved Domain? There are two procedures:




  • 1 - How to more complex , che prevede:



- Termine
Il venditore che beneficia di tale garanzia dispone di un termine di tre mesi che decorre dalla data di pubblicazione in un giornale di annunci legali del giudizio di “redressement” o liquidazione giudiziaria, gli conviene pertanto fare molta attenzione alle pubblicazioni legali e consultare periodicamente le banche dati specializzate.


- Formulazione
La formulazione sarà quella prevista dalla open insolvency proceedings and is addressed to the administrator, is the court-appointed liquidator.

- Terms

The action claims is subject to the existence of goods in kind in the holdings of the Day of Judgement debtor's bankruptcy, the existence proof is borne by the creditor.
administrator or liquidator may refuse that legal action if it considers that the evidence was not given or the retention of title is invalid.
In this case, the creditor could seize the Juge Commissaire (court officer) appointed in the bankruptcy of the debtor.
The parties called and listened to the Bankruptcy Judge makes a decree which may be appealed before the competent commercial court of the debtor in bankruptcy.
this procedure is clearly the assistance of a French lawyer.




  • 2 - Simplified procedure with the publication of bills

However, there is a possibility to avoid claims by taking action occurred after the publication of sale or invoices with reservation of title.
This publication, which only costs a few euro, is completed and filed with the Registry of the Commercial Court of the debtor a form that bordereau de publication.
Following this publication, the court administrator or liquidator under their own responsibility and without intervention by the creditor, should contact the creditor:
- To report the existence of goods covered by reserves and their provision
- Or better yet, declare its interest to preserve them and pay interest if the debtor is

What happens if the debtor has sold the goods to a third party?

Evidently, in this case, the retention of title can not 'play any more because no real resale right can not' be opposite to the sub-purchaser.
However, if he is not yet fully paid, will be possible for the lender / seller who benefits from the Reserve to claim the money they deserve. If
publication, the action of claims will be made by the administrator or the court-appointed liquidator, under its own responsibility and without the intervention of the creditor.


What happens if the property sold under private domain has been integrated with another well?
The integrated so well can be claimed if the withdrawal does not harm the good in which it was built.

In conclusion,
the retention of title is not an absolute guarantee of payment or claims but nevertheless has an advantage certain because it is automatic in the case of publication, and its low cost.

It is therefore recommended as a preventive measure, always carry the publication using the form can be 'grouped with several bills.







Tel +33478602703
Fax +33478623559
Cel +33685707202


It testo inglese di riferimento:





Commercial Code
Section 3: rights of the furniture salesman, claims and refunds.

Article L624-9
Claim furniture can be brought within three months following the publication of the decision opening the proceedings.
Article L624-10  Le propriétaire d'un bien est dispensé de faire reconnaître son droit de propriété lorsque le contrat portant sur ce bien a fait l'objet d'une publicité. Il peut réclamer la restitution de son bien dans des conditions fixées par décret en Conseil d'Etat.
Article L624-10-1  Lorsque le droit à restitution a été reconnu dans les conditions prévues aux articles L 624-9 ou 624-10 et que le bien fait l'objet d'un contrat en cours au jour de l'ouverture de la procédure, la restitution effective intervient au jour de la résiliation ou du terme du contrat.
Article L624-11 privilege and the right to claim established by the 4th section 2332 of the Civil Code to the seller of furniture and resolutory action can not be exercised within the limits provisions of Articles L. L. 624-12 624-18 of this Code.
Article L624-12 may be claimed, if they exist in nature, in whole or part, the goods whose sale has been resolved prior to opening the trial proceedings or by court decision or by set a condition subsequent acquired.
The claim must likewise be admitted that the resolution of the sale has been made or recorded by a court after the trial procedure when opening the action or claim resolution was brought before the trial opening of the seller for a reason other than failure to pay the price.
Article L624-13 may be claimed if they are shipped to the debtor as tradition hath not been done in their stores or in those of the commission charged to sell on his behalf.
Nevertheless, the claim is not admissible if, before their arrival, the goods were resold without fraud, invoice or regular tickets.
Article L624-14 may be retained by the seller that the goods are not delivered or sent to the debtor or a third party acting on its behalf.
Article L624-15 may be claimed if they are still in the debtor's portfolio of commercial paper or other non-paid, delivered by their owner to be recovered or to be specially allocated to specific payments.
Article L624-16 may be claimed, provided they are found in nature, the property delivered to a precarious debtor or those transferred to a trust estate which the debtor retains use or use as a constituent. Can also be claimed if they are found in nature at the time of initiation of proceedings, the property sold with a reservation of ownership. This clause must be agreed between the parties in writing later than the time of delivery. It can be written in a governing set of trade agreed between the parties. The claim in kind may be exercised under the same conditions on personal property incorporated into another property where the separation of property may be made without them suffer damage. The claim in kind may also be exercised when on fungible goods of like kind and quality as well is in the hands of the debtor or any person holding them on its behalf. In all cases, there is no need to claim if, by decision of the judge, the price is paid immediately. The judge may also, with the consent of the petitioning creditor, grant a settlement period. The payment is then compared to that of the claims mentioned in I articleThe 622-17
Article L624-17 administrator with the consent of the debtor or the debtor after default agreement the legal representative may agree to the request or claim for restitution of property described in this section. Failing agreement or in case of dispute, the application is brought before the judge, who decides the fate of the contract, given the comments of the creditor, du débiteur et du mandataire de justice saisi.
Article L624-18  Peut être revendiqué le prix ou la partie du prix des biens visés à l'article L 624_16 qui n'a été ni payé, ni réglé en valeur, ni compensé entre le débiteur et l'acheteur à la date du jugement ouvrant 
la procédure. Peut être revendiquée dans les mêmes conditions l'indemnité d'assurance subrogée au bien.



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Cell +33685707202